Guillen, Burl (2012) Handbook of RNA biology. Research World, Delhi, India. ISBN 9788132333005
Preview |
Text
Handbookofrnabiology_Burl.pdf - Published Version Download (5MB) | Preview |
Abstract
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is one of the three major macromolecules (along with DNA and proteins) that are essential for all known forms of life. Like DNA, RNA is made up of a long chain of components called nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of a nucleobase (sometimes called a nitrogenous base), a ribose sugar, and a phosphate group. The sequence of nucleotides allows RNA to encode genetic information. For example, some viruses use RNA instead of DNA as their genetic material that directs the synthesis of proteins. Material, and all organisms use messenger RNA (mRNA) to carry the genetic information Like proteins, some RNA molecules play an active role in cells by catalyzing biological reactions, controlling gene expression, or sensing and communicating responses to cellular signals etc. One of these active processes is protein synthesis, a universal function whereby mRNA molecules direct the assembly of proteins on ribosomes. This process uses transfer RNA (IRNA) molecules to deliver amino acids to the ribosome, where ribosomal RNA (rRNA) links amino acids together to form proteins. The chemical structure of RNA is very similar to that of DNA, with two differences -- (a) RNA contains the sugar ribose while DNA contains the slightly different sugar pairing properties) deoxyribose (a type of ribose that lacks one oxygen atom), and (b) RNA has the mucleobase uracil while DNA contains thymine (uracil and thymine have similar base Unlike DNA, most RNA molecules are single-stranded. Single-stranded RNA molecules adopt very complex three-dimensional structures, since they are not restricted to the repetitive double-helical form of double-stranded DNA, RNA is made within living cells by RNA polymerases, enzymes that act to copy a DNA or RNA template into a new RNA strand through processes known as transcription or RNA replication, respectively.
| Item Type: | Book |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology |
| Divisions: | Electronic Books |
| Depositing User: | Esam @ Hisham Muhammad |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Jan 2023 02:11 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Jan 2023 02:11 |
| URI: | http://odlsystem2.utm.my/id/eprint/3897 |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |