Griffin, Aja (2012) Annelida and chordata (animal phylum). White Word Publications, Delhi, India. ISBN 9788132340843
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Abstract
The annelids (also called "ringed worms"), formally called Annelida (from French annelés "ringed ones", ultimately from Latin anellus "little ring"), are a large phylum of segmented worms, with over 17,000 modern species including ragworms, earthworms and leeches. They are found in marine environments from tidal zones to hydrothermal vents, in freshwater, and in moist terrestrial environments. Although most textbooks still use the traditional division into polychaetes (almost all marine), oligochaetes (which include carthworms) and leech-like species, research since 1997 has radically changed this scheme, viewing leeches as a sub-group of oligochactes and oligochaetes as a sub group of polychaetes. In addition, the Pogonophora, Echiura and Sipuncula, previously regarded as separate phyla, are now regarded as sub-groups of polychaetes. Annelids are considered members of the Lophotrochozoa, a "super-phylum" of protostomes that also includes molluscs, brachiopods, flatworms and nemerteans.
| Item Type: | Book |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | S Agriculture > SF Animal culture |
| Divisions: | Electronic Books |
| Depositing User: | Esam @ Hisham Muhammad |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Jan 2023 01:21 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Jan 2023 01:21 |
| URI: | http://odlsystem2.utm.my/id/eprint/3822 |
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