Shuler, Mignon and Willey, Deshaun (2012) Handbook of rocketry science. College Publishing House, Delhi, India. ISBN 9788132314639
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Abstract
In astronautics, the Oberth effect is where the use of a rocket engine when traveling at high speed generates much more useful energy than one at low speed. Oberth effect occurs because the propellant has more usable energy (due to its kinetic energy on top of its chemical potential energy) and it turns out that the vehicle is able to employ this kinetic energy to generate more mechanical power. It is named after Hermann Oberth, the Hungarian-born, German physicist and a founder of modern rocketry, who apparently first described the effect. Oberth effect is used in a powered flyby or Oberth maneuver where the application of an impulse, typically from the use of a rocket engine, close to a gravitational body (where the gravity potential is low, and the speed is high) can give much more change in kinetic energy and final speed (i.e. higher specific energy) than the same impulse applied further from the body for the same initial orbit. For the Oberth effect to be most effective, the vehicle must be able to generate as much impulse as possible at the lowest possible altitude, thus Oberth effect is often far less useful for low-thrust reaction engines such the as ion drives, which have a low propellant flow rate. Oberth effect also can be used to understand the behavior of multi-stage rockets, the upper stage can generate much more usable kinetic energy than might be expected from simply considering the chemical energy of the propellants it carries. Historically, a lack of understanding of this effect led early investigators to conclude that interplanetary travel would require completely impractical amounts of propellant, as without it, enormous amounts of energy are needed.
| Item Type: | Book |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics |
| Divisions: | Electronic Books |
| Depositing User: | Esam @ Hisham Muhammad |
| Date Deposited: | 30 Nov 2022 08:57 |
| Last Modified: | 30 Nov 2022 08:57 |
| URI: | http://odlsystem2.utm.my/id/eprint/3685 |
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