Lynn, Tashina (2012) Spacecraft missions to Saturn. University Publications, Delhi, India. ISBN 9788132336709
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Abstract
Pioneer 11 (also known as Pioneer G) was a 259-kilogram (569 lb) robotic space probe launched by NASA on April 6, 1973 to study the asteroid belt, the environment around Jupiter and Saturn, solar wind, cosmic rays, and eventually the far reaches of the solar system and heliosphere. It was the first probe to encounter Saturn and the second to fly through the asteroid belt and by Jupiter. Due to power constraints and the vast distance of the probe, communication has been lost since November 30, 1995. Approved in February 1969, Pioneer II and twin probe Pioneer 10, were the first to be designed for exploring the outer solar system. Yielding to multiple proposals throughout the 1960s, early mission objectives were defined as: Explore the interplanetary medium beyond the orbit of Mars. Investigate the nature of the asteroid belt from the scientific standpoint and assess the belt's possible hazard to missions to the outer planets. Explore the environment of Jupiter. Subsequent planning for an encounter with Saturn added many more goals: Map the magnetic field of Saturn and determine its intensity, direction and structure. Determine how many electrons and protons of various energies are distributed along the trajectory of the spacecraft through the Saturn system. Map the interaction of the Saturn system with the solar wind. Measure the temperature of Saturn's atmosphere and that of Titan, the large satellite of Saturn. Determine the structure of the upper atmosphere of Saturn where molecules are expected to be electrically charged and form an ionosphere.
| Item Type: | Book |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics |
| Divisions: | Electronic Books |
| Depositing User: | Esam @ Hisham Muhammad |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Nov 2022 09:00 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Nov 2022 09:00 |
| URI: | http://odlsystem2.utm.my/id/eprint/3641 |
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