Isaacson, Kianna (2012) Road construction and technology. Orange Apple, Delhi, India. ISBN 978-81-323-2801-8
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Abstract
Road construction requires the creation of a continuous right-of-way, overcoming geographic obstacles and having grades low enough to permit vehicle or foot travel and may be required to meet standards set by law or official guidelines. The process is often begun with the removal of earth and rock by digging or blasting, construction of embankments, bridges and tunnels, and removal of vegetation (this may involve deforestation) and followed by the laying of pavement material. A variety of road building equipment is employed in road building. After design, approval, planning, legal and environmental considerations have been addressed alignment of the road is set out by a surveyor. The Radii and gradient are designed and staked out to best suit the natural ground levels and minimize the amount of cut and fill. Roadways are designed and built for primary use by vehicular and pedestrian traffic. Storm drainage and environmental considerations are a major concern. Erosion and sediment controls are constructed to prevent detrimental effects. Drainage lines are laid with sealed joints in the road easement with runoff coefficients and characteristics adequate for the land zoning and storm water system. Drainage systems must be capable of carrying the ultimate design flow from the upstream catchment with approval for the outfall from the appropriate authority to a watercourse, creek, river or the sea for drainage discharge.
| Item Type: | Book |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | T Technology > TE Highway engineering. Roads and pavements |
| Divisions: | Electronic Books |
| Depositing User: | Practical Student 02 |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Apr 2022 04:39 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Jul 2022 01:20 |
| URI: | http://odlsystem2.utm.my/id/eprint/2959 |
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